Osteoarthritis is the most common type of joint disease. It occurs when the protective cartilage on the ends of your bones wears down over time, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It frequently affects the knees, hips, hands, and lower back.
Key Symptoms
Pain: A dull ache that worsens with activity and improves with rest.
Stiffness: Often felt first thing in the morning, typically resolving within 30 minutes of waking up.
Joint Changes: Swelling, a limited range of motion, and a clicking or grating sound when moving the joint.
Common Causes & Risk Factors
While often referred to as "wear and tear," it is a disease of the entire joint.
Primary risk factors include:
Aging: The risk increases as cartilage naturally degrades over time.
Obesity: Extra weight puts mechanical stress on weight-bearing joints (like the knees and hips) and produces inflammatory proteins.
Genetics and Injury: Family history or past joint trauma significantly increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Management & TreatmentsWhile osteoarthritis is a chronic condition that cannot be reversed, it can be effectively managed to improve your quality of life:
Lifestyle Adjustments: Regular, low-impact exercise and weight management are the most effective ways to reduce joint strain and alleviate symptoms.
Medications: Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs are used to manage flares and control discomfort.
Supportive Therapies: Physical therapy, bracing, and occupational therapy help maintain mobility and adapt to daily tasks.
Surgery: In severe cases where joint damage causes chronic disability, procedures like joint replacement (arthroplasty) can restore function and relieve pain.
Injections: Most common Hyaluronic Acid but PDRN injection are more and more used for their broader mode of action
